Five new Canadian subspecies of Braya are described and illustrated, three within B. humilis (C. A. Meyer) B. L. Robinson (subsp. ellesmerensis J. G. Harris, subsp. maccallae J. G. Harris, and subsp. porsildii J. G. Harris), one within B. glabella Richardson (subsp. prostrata J. G. Harris), and one within B. thorild-wulffii Ostenfeld (subsp. glabrata J. G. Harris). Keys to the North American subspecies of B. humilis, B. glabella, and B. thorild-wulffii are provided. Brief comments about the possible phylogenetic and phytogeographic significance of the subspecies of B. humilis are presented.